Fullerton+Union+GS+–+Robin+Gray+and+??+aff

“THE WATER FOR…ACCESS ON THE CONTINENT.” Accesses October 27, 2007 [|www.worldhelpfound.org/understandingtheproblem.htm] “UNSAFE DRINKING WATER IS ONE OF THE LEADING… HEALING IS NO GUARANTEE OF IMMUNITY AGAINST URTHER SERIOS SECONDARY INFECTION.” “THE CONSEQUENCES OF…BY THE YEAR 2020.” Waterweb, ( http://www.lenntech.com/waterborne-diseases/waterborne-diseases.htm P1) “CLEAN WATER IS…ULTRA-VIOLET (UV) RADIATION.” “DIARRHOEA 1.8 MILLION PEOPLE…AND HOOKWORM BY 4%.” “CURRENTLY THERE IS…CONTAMINATED AS WELL.” Jesse N.K. **Mugambi,** Professor of Philosophy and Religious Stidies at the Iniversity of Nairobi in Kenya, **and** Gaim **Kebreab**, Water and Sanitation Engineer (M. Sc.) and works in the Department for Politics o Development in the Norwegian Church, FRESH WATER TO ERADICATE POVERTY) “A GENERAL SURVEY…CAN BE OVERCOME.”  “THE DEADLIEST FORM…AS CAUSE TO EFFECT”  (Fishbone, Consultant International Debate Association, 2—7.) (Aaron, The Struggle for water: Increasing demands on a vital resource, pg 5-183 m. trouville.)  “THIS MOVEMENT ORIGINATES…IN REASOURCE EXPLOITATION.”  “ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER…COMPELLING IN THE FUTURE.”  “THE WARS IN IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN…THAT WILL ONLY MAKE IT EASIER FOR TERRORISTS TO GAIN FOLLOWERS IN THE DECADES TO COME.”  “AS YOU ARE AWARE, SUB SAHARAN AFRICA IS THE WORLDS…MEANING THAT MUCH WORK REMAINS.”  (“State building and Democratization in Africa” 2006. Mengisteab – a professor and chair of development of poitical science and geography at the old Dominion university.) “ANOTHER FACTOR RGAR NECESSITATES…DISINTEGRATION OF THE STATE.”  [ Paul, “Executive Summary,” http://www.state.gov/g/ocs/rls/rpts/67447.htm ]  “STRENGTHEN REGIONAL STABILITY…” “… AND DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES.”  (“Democratic Reform in Africa: The Quality of Life in Africa. 2004 Department of Political Science.) “IN AGREEMENT WITH PROFESSOR SEN… THE THIRD PROPOSITION IS THEREFORE THAT DEMOCRATIC REFORM IS AN ESSENTIAL TOOL TO ATTAINING ECONOMIC PROGRESS”  “THIS HARDLY EXHAUST…CAN BE BUILT.”  “WERE WAR AND OTHER INTERNATIONALVIOLENCE…DEMOCRACY VIRTUALLY ELLIMINATES THIS SOURCE OF DEATHS.”  [ Global ater Futures “Addressing our Global Water utures 9/30/05, White Paper http://www.sandia.gov/water/docs/csis-snl-ogwf_9-28-05.pdf ]  “BUILDING UP ALLIANCES…MORE RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT”  “FOR OVER 40 YEARS…SHARED WATER RESOURCES.” “AN INTEGRATED, COMPREHENSIVE…” “…FOREIGN POLICY GOALS.”  “IT IS ONLY…JUST 3 PERCENT.”  [ Paul, “Executive Summary,” http://www.state.gov/g/ocs/rls/rpts/67447.htm ]  “SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY…” “…FOR NATURAL HAZARDS”  “TO ACHIEVE THESE OBJECTIVES… ADAPTING TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY.” 
 * __ CONTENTION ONE: THE STATUS QUO __**
 * 1. THE OMNIBUS SPENDING BILL ALLOCATED $300 MILLION FOR THE WATER FOR THE POOR ACT. **
 * WATER TECH ONLINE 12/20 ** 2K7 http://www.watertechnline.com/news.asp?N_ID=68840
 * “ ** WASHINGTON – THE 555 BILLION OMNIBUS SPENDING… SIMON ACT APPROPRIATION BILL””
 * 2. UNFORTUNATELY ONLY 14 PERCENT GOES TO AFRICA. **
 * Hauter 2007 ** [Wenonah, Executive Director of Food and Water Watch. April 23, 3007, //Water For The Poor Act 2005//; Accessed online: [|http://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/water/right/state%20department%20comment%20-%20water%20for%20the%20por%20report.dot] ]
 * PLAN: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD FULLY FUND AND ENFORCE THE TOPICAL SECTIONS OF PL 109-121. **
 * __ ADVANTAGE ONE: DISEASE __**
 * 1. WATERBORNE DISEASES LIKE SCHISTOMIASIS TYPHOID AND GUINEA WORM HURT SSA – AFFECT MILLIONS **
 * WHF 07 **
 * 2. UNCHECKED WATERBORNE DISEASE RISKS 30-50 MILLION LIVES BY 2020. **
 * CSIS 05 ** (9-30 Center for Strategic & International Studies, Global Water futures. http://www.sanda.goc.water.docs/CSIS-SNL_OGWF_9-28-05.pdf )
 * 3. THEIR ALTERNATE CAUSE ARGUMENTS ARE IRRELEVANT BECAUSE CLEAN WATER IS A PREREQUISITE TO SOLVING DISEASES. **
 * Lantech ** 3-9-**07** – Waterweb – online water database
 * 4. CLEAN WATER AND AN IMPROVED SANITATION STRUCTURE WOULD SOLVE MILLIONS OF DISEASE DEATHS. **
 * WHO, ** November **2004** online, http://www.who.int/water_sanitation/publications/facts2004/en
 * __ ADVANTAGE TWO: STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE __**
 * 1. IN THE STATUS QUO THERE IS A RUSH TO ALLOW PRIVATE COMPANIES TO FILL IN FOR THE LACK OF A COMPREHENSIVE WATER STRATEGY- THIS SYSTEM FAILS TO DECONTAMINATE WATER AND CREATES INEQUITY IN TERMS OF THE MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF WATER. **
 * Van Overbeke 2004 ** (Dustin, Water Privatization Conflicts, http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz/VANOVEDR/ )
 * 2. LACK OF ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER CAUSES POVERTY.**
 * 3. POVERTY IS THE DEADLIEST FORM OF VIOLENCE. STRUCTURAL INEQUITY IS THE ROOT CAUSE OF OTHER VIOLENCE. THE TERMINAL IMPACT IS THE EQUIVALENT TO ONGOIMG THERMO NUCLEAR WAR. **
 * Gilligan 96 ** (James, Professor of Psychiatry at the Harvard Medical School, Director of the Center for the Study of Violence, and a member of the Academic Advisory Council of the National Campaign Against Youth Violence, “Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and its Causes” p 191-196)
 * 4. PRIVATIZATION OF THE WATER SUPPLY CAUSES STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE AND EXTINCTION. **
 * FISHBONE 07 **
 * 5. ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER SHATTERS THE CYCLE OF POVERTY. **
 * CSIS 2005, ** ( Global Water futures Center for Strategic and International Studies, Sandia National Laboratiries, September 30, http://water.csis.org/050928_ogwf.pdf )
 * __ ADVANTAGE THREE: DEMOCRACY __**
 * 1. US ENGAGEMENT IN AFRICA IS INEVITABLE – PEACEFUL ACTS OF DEMOCRACY PROMOTION LIKE THE PLAN ARE KEY TO PREVENT CONFLICT **
 * Berring and Hartung ** October 5, **2007** (Frida Berring is a senior program associate with the Arms and Security Initiative at the News America Foundation. Her email is berrigan@newamerica.net . William D. Hartung directs the initiative. //Don’t millitirize US-Africa ties// http://baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/al-op.africa.05oct05,0,7098822.story )
 * 2. YOUR TRANSITIONS TURNS ARE NON UNIQUE – MANY SUB SAHARAN NATIONS ARE TRANSITIONING TO DEMOCRACY NOW. **
 * PIERSON ** November 17, **2005** (Lloyd Pierson – USAID assistant Administration for Africa http://www.sarpn.org.za/documents/d0001818/USAID_Pierson_nov2005.pdf )
 * 3. THESE TRANSITIONS ARE FRAGILE BECAUSE OF THE GOVERNMENTS INABILITY TO PROVIDE ACCESS TO ADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE. **
 * MENGISTEAB AND CYRIL **
 * 4. WATER in particular is an important utility – increase government management stabilizes democracy and increase citizen participation. **
 * Simon 06, ** Senator & Author of the Water for The Poor Act of 2005
 * 5. EVEN IF WATER DOES NOT ECOURAGE OTHER REFORMS, GOVERNMENT RESPONSIVENESS CREATES STABLE DEMOCRACIES. **
 * NDULA 06 **
 * 6. DEMOCRATIC INSTABILITY RISKS EXTINCTION. **
 * Diamond 95 ** [Larry diamond, Senior Research Fellow at the Hoover Institute, Promting democracy in the 1990’s 1995 p 6-7]
 * 7. THE DEMOCRATIC PEACE THEORY IS SUPPORTED BY THE BEST STUDIES – DEMOCRACY PREVENTS GENOCIDE AND INTERNATIONAL WAR. **
 * Rummel 97, ** (RJ, political science at the University of Hawaii, 1997, http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/pk.chap1.htm ** ) **
 * 8. DEMOCRACY OUTWEIGHS AND TURNS ALL OF THEIR IMPACTS, IT IS CRITICAL TO SOLVE EVERY KIND OF INTERNATIONAL CRISIS. **
 * Rummel 06, ** (RJ, political science at the University of Hawaii, “Why foster global freedom?” http://freedomespeace.blogspot.com/2006/03/why-foster-global-freedome.html ** ) **
 * 9. THE DEMOCRATIC NORMS ENCOURAGED BY THE PLAN OVERCOME CORRUPTION. **
 * CSIS 05, ** (9-30 Center for Strategic & International Studies Global water futures. – Sandia National Laboratory
 * __ CONTENTION TWO: SOLVENCY __**
 * 1. OUR PLAN PROMOTES HUMAN HEALTH, GENDER EQUITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECOLOGICAL BALANCE, AND COOPERATION IN AFRICA. **
 * Committee of International Relations 2006, ** online: http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/intlrel/hfa22262.000/hfa22262_0.html#0
 * 2. THE US HAS THE BEST TECHNICAL CAPACITY, KNOWLEDGE BASE, AND BUDGET TO TARGET WATER SCARCITY. A COMPREHENSIVE US WATER POLICY IS KEY TO SOLVE.**
 * CSIS 2005 **, ( Global Water futures Center for Strategic and International Studies, Sandia National Laboratiries, September 30, http://water.csis.org/050928_ogwf.pdf )
 * 3. DECISIVE US ACTION IS KEY TO ENCOURAGE OTHERS TO ACT ON THE ISSUE OF WATER SCARCITY, AND DEMOCRACY. **
 * Keating 2006, ** (Laura, Water Makes Sense, CSIS Global Strategy Institute, [|www.csis.org/media/cis/pubs/060322_worldwater.pdf] March 22)
 * 4. US LOGISTICS AND TECHNICAL EXPERTISE ARE SECOND TO NONE. **
 * Simon 06, ** Senator & Author of the Water for The Poor Act of 2005
 * 5. OUR PLAN SOLVES ACCESS AND CONTAMINATION. **
 * State Department, ** “Senator Paul Simon, Water for the Poor Act of 2005, 2005, Senator Paul Simon: http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/rpts/67447.htm )

BUSH GOOD
“The compromise accomplished two ends. First, it changed the agenda base… thought he would lose on CAFE standards for SUVs.” “At a time of intensifying…Bush will need the Democrats to sustain the growth.” (Niko Kyriakou, reporter, [|commondreams.org], progressive news organization. “U.S. Congress Pledges to Double Funds to Fight World's #1 Killer: Unsafe Water.” 11-29-05. http://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/1129-01.htm ) “A widely unnoticed… on November 16.”s “Rivers and Rose thus show us that Bond and Fleischer’s are… too limited in scope to be relied upon in this context.” “In late 2005, Congress highlighted the importance …State Department and USAID.” “I believe this direct communication and …continue this conversation.”
 * plan is a win – saves millions of lives, WINNERS WIN **
 * Ornstein, ** American Enterprise Institute 9/10/**01** (Norman, Roll Call “Congress Inside Out”)
 * foreign aid is a concession for bush. concessions key. **
 * Dugger **, 2-2-**07** (Celia W. Dugger, staff writer, New York Times. “Bush Gets Aid of Democrats in Fighting Pandemics.” http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/02/world/africa/02health.html?ex=1183089600&en=e121ac73b4918af3&ei=5070 )
 * a. Water is universally popular – all sides agree – the ability to stop water related problems is **
 * Kyriakou, 05 **
 * B. Popular acts don’t cost political capital – they boost it **
 * ROBERTS ** 11/9/**04** Political Science BA, University of New Mexico [Dane, “Democrats need sharp vision,” Daily Lobo, via University Wire]
 * A. plan is bipartisan **
 * Keating, 06 ** (Center for Strategic and International Studies, Laura Keating, Global Strategy Institute, March 22, 2006)
 * B. bipart = key **
 * Thompson, 07 ** (Fred Thompson, U.S. Senator, Presidential Candidate, “First Blogger?”, on PajamasMedia blogsite, May 23 2007, http://pajamasmedia.com/2007/05/fred_thompson_exclusive_story.php )

BUSH BAD
Jeremy **Weidenhof**, writer for the Lone Star Times, 20**07** http://lonestartimes.com/2007/05/03/president-george-w-bush-failure/ “The economy is probably one of the President’s …the House Foreign Relations Committee.” [Paul C., the President’s Agenda: Domestic Policy Choice from Kennedy to Clinton, 3rd Edition] p. 28**LIGHT 99** Senior Fellow at the Center for Public Service “As with virtually every other development program… however, that the lower the margin, the less the opportunity for coattails.” http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/press/coverage/UNtellsCongresswaterdeficit.pdf ) “Rep. Donald Payne, a Democrat… State Department of ignoring the spirit of the legislation”  “As with virtually every other development program… however, that the lower the margin, the less the opportunity for coattails.”  (Michael A., Professor of Law @ University of Pennsylvania Law School, Penn LR, Jan)  “Centralized and visible power**…** and ultimate weakness.”
 * the plan is a win, we save millions of people and eliminate poverty and diseases, both parties agree that foreign aid is necessary. and Winners lose – bush’s past victories prove **
 * A. Fiscal restraints and lack of political will make the “water for the poor” act unpopular **
 * CSIS 2005 ** ( Global Water Futures Center for Strategic and International Studies, Sandia National Laboratories, September 30, http://water.csis.org/050928_ogwf.pdf )
 * “ ** More money could be devoted to official development …the House Foreign Relations Committee.”
 * B.Unpopular plans bad for the agenda – bills fail when popularity drops – but it doesn’t increase when it rises **
 * LIGHT 99 ** Senior Fellow at the Center for Public Service
 * A. The plan is a flip-flop – Bush has resisted expansion of African water programs **
 * AP **, 5-16-07 (“U.N. official tells U.S. Congress about worldwide water deficit.”
 * B. Flip flops jack Bush’s agenda **
 * Fitts ‘96 **