Head+Royce+BZ+Neg

Head Royce BZ – Negative – At Large Team

Japan CP – No Cites

Oil DA

1nc Shell

A. High oil prices are driving a transition to renewables now Skirble 1-25-2008 [Rosanne, “US Renewable Energy Market Reports Record Year in 2007,” VOA News, http://www.voanews.com/english/Science/2008-01-25-voa12.cfm] Last year was a record year …. them in the marketplace. B. Focusing on African health problems creates durable ties that allow for US access to African oil. Padraig Carmody, 2005 lecturer in Geography at St. Patrick’s College in Dublin City University, Ph. D in Geography, author, “Transforming Globalization and Security: Africa and America Post–9/11”, Africa Today, Project MUSE, Africa has traditionally… dimension to globalization. C. Africa has the largest amount of untapped oil in the world. It also uniquely causes price drops because it is not subjected to OPEC regulations. Ghazvinian April 3, 2007 (John, doctorate in history from Oxford, “Untapped: The Scramble for Africa's Oil Does Africa Measure Up to the Hype?” Slate Magazine. http://www.slate.com/id/2163389/) Yet another strategic … ever really bothered to check. D. Decreased price of oil would kill government transition to alt energy Alhajji and Longmuir, 07 (Gavin, AF, Energy Economist and Associate Professor at Ohio Northern University, Need For A Balancing Act: Reducing Oil Dependence Without Triggering A Global Crisis," Middle East Economic Survey, VOL. XLIX No 9, Feb 26, 2007) Oil exporters could …. energy resources, and increase wastage.

E. Alternative energy is key to mitigate impact of the peak Heinberg August 2007 (Richard, [journalist, educator, editor, lecturer, and a Core Faculty member of New College of California] The View from Oil’s Peak http://globalpublicmedia.com/richard_heinbergs_museletter_the_view_from_oils_peak) Moreover, even though …with less petroleum.

F. Peak Oil will cause nuclear extinction Dr. Malcolm Riddoch, Faculty of Communications and Creative Industries, Edith Cowan University, June 19, 2004, http://www.melbourne.indymedia.org/news/2004/06/72000_comment.php There are lots of …. and its companions famine and pestilence.

2nc Links: 1. Risk Premium--- A. African stability drives down the cost of investment risk premium charged by banks Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 2006 (Hidden Gems: When risks are mitigated, Africa offers EU investors intriguing opportunities. http://www.miga.org/news/index_sv.cfm?aid=417) Most African countries … Industries sector head. B. Instability causes no profit Barnes 1/22/05, Sandra T., “Global Flows: Terror, Oil, and Strategic Philanthropy” African Studies Review, http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/african_studies_review/v048/48.1barnes.html Local military forces … undermine their investments (Goldwyn & Morrison 2004:12–15). 2. Relations--- US aid addresses health and corruption issues and creates ties with government that will drive down the cost of oil Krilla 2005 [Jeff Regional Program Director for Africa, International Republican Institute, JULY 28,, CHINA’S INFLUENCE IN AFRICA, http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/archives/109/22658.pdf] Yet as oil exports … increased investment will be profound. 3. Perception--- Perceived increase in stability increase oil investment KIRKLAND, 03, President of ChevronTexaco Overseas Petroleum (George L. Kirkland, “Energy, Trade and Investment” 16 July 2003, http://www.chevron.com/news/speeches/2003/16july2003_kirkland.asp) [[Many of us know … will find its courage.

Internal link 2nc card

And, new cheap oil causes prices to fall rapidly Leonard 8/21/06, www.salon.com/tech/htww/2006/08/21/oil_bubble/index.html The theory goes like this … the air rushes out.

China DA

A. Uniqueness: China is using its soft power to convince African nations to block Taiwanese entry into the World Health Organization Brookes and Ju-Yung, Senior Fellow in National Security Affairs and Fellow for Policy Studies, 2k7 [Peter and Chung. “Into Africa: China’s Grab for Influence and Oil” March 26, http://www.heritage.org/Research/Africa/hl1006.cfm] Across the planet, China is aggressively seeking new friends and allies and proving to be a less demanding alternative to the more scrupulous relationships nations must have with the U.S. and Europe. One of the places China … Commission on Human Rights. And, The US is supporting Taiwan’s bid to join the WHO Taipei Times 2007 (Apr 21, Charles Snyder http://taiwansecurity.org/TT/2007/TT-210407.htm) The eight-page report … observer status at WHA, the report said.

B. Links— The plan increases US soft power in Africa IHD 06 (The Institute for Human Dignity, Global Poverty & National Security http://www.truthrising.org/poverty_security.html Accessed 8/14/07) The final category, soft power, … out to help the developing world. And, Sino-US soft power in Africa is zero-sum. Thompson – Assistant Director of the Freeman Chair in China Studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in DC.– 05 (Drew, “China’s Emerging Interests in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges for Africa and the United States, Holler Africa, Jun 2005, [online] http://www.hollerafrica.com/showArticle.php?artId=156&catId=1, accessed 7/30/07) As China’s domestic … security and stability in Africa. And, Increasing humanitarian assistance allows the US to control the African voting blocs at the UNGA Pham 07 (J. Peter, Director of the Nelson Institute for International and Public Affairs at James Madison University. “America in Africa: Securing U.S. Interests and Promoting a Continents Development” http://www.jmu.edu/nelsoninstitute/America_in_Africa.pdf) U.S. foreign policy … major states, such as China. C. Impacts— China would interpret Taiwanese entry into the WHO as an attempt to promote independence and lash out Japan Economic Newswire, 2k7 [China objects to Taiwan's bid to join WHO, April 25, Lexis] China believes Taiwan … campaigns in previous years. Nuke War Strait Times 2k (No one gains in war over Taiwan; June 25, lexis) The high-intensity scenario … sovereignty above everything else.